History of Physical Therapy Part 1
Tuesday, July 8th, 2008Physical Therapy has a rich history that spans continents, cultures, and centuries. It has been suggested that the study of Physical Therapy can be dated back to 460 B.C., when physicians like Hippocrates and Hector introduced the practice in its primitive form. Both of them used alternative treatments, and were assumedly the first to introduce hydrotherapy (water pressure) and massage therapy into the world of whole body healing.
The earliest evidence we have of physical therapy implementation dates back to the year 1894. Four nurses introduced the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy to England right before the turn of the century. Even to this day in most countries physical therapy is referred to as Physiotherapy. Only in the United States is physiotherapy referred to as physical therapy.
It wasn’t even until the early 1900’s that physical therapy began to branch out into other parts of the world, besides England as an accepted form of bodywork. It began with the two physicians in the year 1917 that acted as the pioneers paving the road for widely accepted forms of Physical therapies in the United States.
This land bridge between the United States and England was under construction during World War II by two doctors, Frank Granger and Joel Goldthwait. These two gentlemen were summoned by the Surgeon General to investigate British forms of treatment, and what they discovered was the early stages of physical therapy.
It seemed that the British had developed a new way of healing their wounded that was extremely effective, and the United States wanted to develop its own form of physiotherapy to heal our own wounded.
From that point it seemed that Physical Therapy was to be considered one of the most effective ways to treat ailments and injuries. However, training and patient education for practitioners and patients concerning the act of physical therapy needed to be further development.
In 1914 the Walter Reed General Hospital was established in Portland Oregon. This was the beginning of physical therapy inundation in the United States. Some of the most well trained individuals from all over the globe began teaching at the Walter Reed program to and its programs began to shape potential students into highly trained individuals. Upon graduation these early physical therapists were known as “reconstruction aides”.
Within five years there were 45 new hospitals that offered physical therapy, not to mention were fully equipped with proper facilities in which to administer it. From passive exercises to corrective exercises, hydrotherapeutic modalities, massage, and a variety of adaptive equipment; all became readily available and common practice within the medical community.
As is common for the medical profession, continuing research needed to be documented for this newfound landscape of medical proficiency if physical therapy wished to secure it’s footing in the medical community. This marks the time when the profession of physical therapy began to take shape and become more scientifically sound. When the polio epidemic swept the nation in 1924, physical therapy was the first plan of defense on the physically debilitating disease.